Vietnamese Thiền, also known as Vietnamese Zen Buddhism, is a unique form of Zen Buddhism that has evolved over centuries in Vietnam. It is influenced by both the Chinese Chan tradition and the indigenous Vietnamese culture, resulting in a distinct approach to the practice of Zen.

One key difference between Vietnamese Thiền and other forms of Zen Buddhism is the emphasis on the role of the teacher. In Vietnamese Thiền, the teacher-student relationship is highly valued and considered essential for spiritual growth. The teacher, or "thầy," is seen as a guide and mentor who helps the student navigate the path of Zen practice. This emphasis on the teacher-student relationship is rooted in the Confucian tradition, which values respect and obedience towards authority figures.

Another unique aspect of Vietnamese Thiền is its incorporation of Vietnamese cultural elements. For example, Vietnamese Thiền often incorporates chanting and rituals, which are not typically found in other forms of Zen Buddhism. This is due to the influence of Mahayana Buddhism, which has a strong presence in Vietnam. These cultural elements add a sense of familiarity and comfort for Vietnamese practitioners, making the practice more accessible and relatable.

In terms of meditation practice, Vietnamese Thiền also has its own distinct techniques. One notable technique is "anh đào," which involves focusing on a single object or phrase to quiet the mind. This technique is believed to help practitioners develop concentration and insight. Additionally, Vietnamese Thiền also places a strong emphasis on mindfulness in daily activities, such as eating, walking, and working. This focus on mindfulness in daily life helps practitioners cultivate a sense of inner peace and clarity.

Furthermore, Vietnamese Thiền also has a unique approach to the concept of enlightenment. While other forms of Zen Buddhism may view enlightenment as a sudden and dramatic experience, Vietnamese Thiền emphasizes gradual and continuous progress towards enlightenment. This aligns with the Vietnamese cultural value of patience and perseverance.

In summary, Vietnamese Thiền stands out from other forms of Zen Buddhism due to its emphasis on the teacher-student relationship, incorporation of Vietnamese cultural elements, unique meditation techniques, and gradual approach to enlightenment. These differences make Vietnamese Thiền a rich and dynamic form of Zen Buddhism that continues to evolve and adapt to the modern world.