Within the esoteric or tantric forms of Buddhism, the practices of ritual and visualization are not regarded as something one simply takes up at will. They are framed as advanced methods that rest upon a carefully prepared foundation. At the heart of this approach stands the requirement of empowerment (abhiseka) from a qualified teacher, one who is rooted in an authentic lineage and has received and practiced the same transmissions. Without such initiation, the full range of deity yoga, mantra recitation specific to particular tantras, and their associated visualizations is traditionally considered off-limits, even if more general teachings on compassion, emptiness, or simple mantras may be shared more widely.

This structure is not merely institutional but is tied to a vision of inner readiness. A stable grounding in basic Buddhist doctrine—such as the Four Noble Truths, emptiness, and compassion—is expected, together with refuge in the Three Jewels and the cultivation of bodhicitta, the aspiration to awaken for the sake of all beings. Ethical conduct is emphasized, at least in the form of basic lay precepts, and for higher levels of tantra additional vows may be taken. At the time of empowerment, tantric vows (samaya) are assumed, and these are to be guarded with great care, as part of an ongoing relationship of commitment and responsibility.

Many traditions also speak of preliminary training that prepares the mind for tantric methods. This can include calm-abiding and insight meditation, as well as formal preliminary practices such as prostrations, mantra recitations, mandala offerings, and guru yoga, often undertaken in large numbers. Such disciplines are not merely outer requirements but are seen as shaping the practitioner’s motivation, humility, and receptivity. Teachers look for a measure of emotional stability, sincerity, and altruistic intent, since tantric methods are regarded as powerful and potentially destabilizing if approached with egoic or worldly aims.

From this perspective, esoteric Buddhism is not closed in the sense of being elitist, but it is guarded in the sense of being careful. Basic Buddhist practices remain open to all who feel drawn to them, yet the more intricate tantric rituals and visualizations are traditionally entered only through proper initiation, under the guidance of a qualified guru, and within a living lineage. The path is portrayed as a gradual progression rather than a sudden leap, honoring both the potency of the methods and the responsibility that comes with them.