Soto Zen is a school of Zen Buddhism founded by the Japanese monk Eihei Dogen in the 13th century. It is one of the two main schools of Zen in Japan, the other being Rinzai Zen. Soto Zen is known for its emphasis on the practice of sitting meditation, or zazen, as the primary means of attaining enlightenment.

At its core, Soto Zen is based on the teachings of the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, who lived in India around 2,500 years ago. However, Soto Zen also incorporates the teachings of Chinese Zen masters, particularly the teachings of the 9th century Chinese Zen master, Dongshan Liangjie.

One of the key principles of Soto Zen is the concept of shikantaza, or "just sitting." This refers to the practice of sitting in meditation without any specific goal or intention, simply being present in the moment and letting go of all thoughts and distractions. This practice is meant to cultivate a clear and open mind, free from attachments and delusions.

In Soto Zen, there is also a strong emphasis on the idea of "everyday Zen." This means that the practice of Zen is not limited to formal meditation sessions, but is meant to be integrated into all aspects of daily life. This includes activities such as eating, working, and interacting with others. The goal is to bring a sense of mindfulness and awareness to all actions, leading to a more peaceful and harmonious way of living.

Another important aspect of Soto Zen is the role of the teacher, or Zen master. In this tradition, the teacher is seen as a guide and mentor, rather than an authority figure. The relationship between teacher and student is one of mutual respect and trust, with the teacher offering guidance and support on the path to enlightenment.

Soto Zen also places a strong emphasis on community and the importance of practicing with others. This is reflected in the use of group meditation sessions, called zazenkai, as well as longer retreats, known as sesshin. These communal practices are seen as essential for deepening one's understanding and experience of Zen.

In summary, Soto Zen is a school of Zen Buddhism that emphasizes the practice of sitting meditation, everyday mindfulness, and the role of the teacher. It is a path towards enlightenment that is meant to be integrated into all aspects of life, leading to a deeper sense of peace, clarity, and compassion.