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What is the central teaching of Advaita Vedanta?

Advaita Vedanta boils down to a brilliantly simple yet profoundly transformative insight: the individual self (Ātman) and the ultimate reality (Brahman) aren’t two separate entities but one and the same. Imagine reality as a single flame and countless lamps lit from it—each lamp seems independent, yet the light is identical. That’s non-duality in a nutshell.

The world’s kaleidoscope of shapes, colors and experiences? It’s often likened to a dream or a mirage—Māyā. In everyday life, mind and senses stitch together a tapestry of names and forms, creating the illusion of separation. Peel back those layers like an onion, and the essence that remains is pure consciousness—unchanging, boundless, and ever-present.

Key practices include self-inquiry (“Who am I?”), meditation, and studying the classical texts under a teacher’s guidance. This process of jñāna (knowledge) is more akin to turning on a light bulb than accumulating new information. Suddenly, the sense of “otherness” dissolves, revealing that every heartbeat, every breath, is part of one seamless existence.

Remarkably, today’s neuroscience and quantum physics sometimes echo these age-old teachings. Research on non-locality, for example, suggests that particles thousands of miles apart still exhibit a mysterious unity—resonating with the Advaitic idea that, at its core, everything is interconnected.

Modern mindfulness apps and wellness influencers frequently tiptoe around these concepts—hinting that inner peace arises when the knower, knowing and known merge. Yet Advaita Vedanta cuts straight to the chase: liberation isn’t about changing circumstances but recognizing an ever-present truth.

Ultimately, Advaita’s message is a radical reminder: beneath the surface jostle of opinions, conflicts and fleeting identities, there lies a silent ocean of awareness. Once that’s glimpsed, life shifts from chasing shadows to resting in the light that’s always been shining.