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How does Advaita Vedanta explain the nature of reality?

At its heart, Advaita Vedanta paints reality as an unbroken whole, where the only true existence is Brahman—limitless, changeless consciousness. Everything else, from mountains to mobile phones, registers as Maya, a grand illusion woven by ignorance (Avidya). Picture the world as a movie projected onto a screen: the plot twists, characters and drama feel real until the projector shuts off. Similarly, waking up to one’s own deepest nature reveals that the “screen” never really changes; only the stories played upon it shift.

This school insists that individual self (Ātman) isn’t some separate entity but identical with Brahman. The sense of “I” versus “you” is much like mistaking ocean waves for independent drops of water. Waves rise, fall and collide, yet their essence remains the same water. Liberation (Moksha) comes not through ritual or austerity alone but by piercing through layers of misidentification—cutting through the noise within, much like clearing static from a radio dial to hear pure silence.

In today’s world of incessant notifications and TikTok rabbit holes, Advaita Vedanta’s message rings especially true: chasing external fixes keeps everyone running in circles. Instead, self-inquiry (Atma-Vichara) and deep listening to ancient texts like the Upanishads act as an inner compass. Once mental knots loosen, life’s unity shines through even in the hustle of urban life or the swirl of global headlines about AI and climate change. This unified ground of being underlies every innovation and every protest march alike.

Ignorance dissolves the moment pure knowledge (Jnana) dawns. No need for elaborate mantra collections—just steady attention and honest questioning: “Who am I beyond these fleeting thoughts?” At that point, the mirror of consciousness reflects nothing but itself, and the boundary between subject and object vanishes. In that brilliant still point, duality evaporates, leaving only undivided reality.