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What are the key texts and scriptures of Advaita Vedanta?
Advaita Vedanta rests on a trio of timeless scriptures known as the Prasthanatrayi, along with a rich tapestry of commentaries and independent works that breathe life into its teachings.
Upanishads (Shruti’s Heart)
- Brihadāraṇyaka and Chāndogya stand tall as the largest Upanishads, delving into the nature of Brahman (absolute reality) and Ātman (the Self).
- Muṇḍaka, Māṇḍūkya (with Gauḍapāda’s Kārikā), and Taittirīya add layers of metaphysical insight, often described as cutting through the noise of everyday perception.
Bhagavad-Gītā (Smṛti’s Jewel)
- This “song of the soul” bridges action (karma) and knowledge (jñāna).
- Ādi Śaṅkara’s bhāṣya (commentary) pins down non-duality, showing how one’s true nature remains untouched by life’s drama.
Brahma Sūtras (Vedānta Sūtras)
- Also called Uttara-Mīmāṃsā, this terse sutra collection underpins doctrinal coherence.
- Śaṅkara’s vṛtti (elaboration) interprets each aphorism, turning cryptic verses into a bedrock philosophy.
Key Independent Works
- Gauḍapāda’s Māṇḍūkya Kārikā: Often hailed as the tip of the iceberg, it lays the groundwork for Advaita metaphysics.
- Śaṅkara’s Upadeśa-Sāhasrī and Aparokṣānubhūti: Practical guides to direct realization, cutting through conceptual fog.
- Vivekacūḍāmaṇi (“Crest-jewel of Discrimination”) by Śaṅkara or his circle, plus Vidyāranya’s Pañcadaśī, deepen the journey from ignorance to insight.
Later Commentaries and Modern Echoes
- Śaṅkara’s disciples—Sureshvara, Padmapāda, and others—wove intricate layers of analysis.
- Contemporary teachers, from Swami Dayananda Saraswati to online satsangs by Mooji, prove these 2,500-year-old verses still ring true in a smartphone age.
Across temples, ashrams and digital platforms, these texts continue to inspire seekers worldwide. Whether leafing through a crisp Sanskrit manuscript or streaming a live discourse, Advaita’s core message—that Absolute Reality and one’s own consciousness are inseparable—remains as fresh today as it was at the dawn of India’s spiritual inquiry.