Barabar and Nagarjuni Caves (Bihar)
• Oldest rock-cut caves in India, dating to the 3rd century BCE.
• Polished granite interiors bear dedicatory inscriptions by emperors Ashoka and his grandson, Dasaratha, specifically mentioning gifts to the “Sramanas of Ajivika” (Ajivika ascetics).
• Cave names like Sudama, Visvakarma and Lomas Rishi pop up again in these inscriptions—clear signposts of an organized community.

Epigraphic Inscriptions
• Ashokan edicts and Minor Rock Edicts reference Ajivikas alongside Buddhists and Jains, highlighting royal patronage.
• Inscriptions at Kalsi (Uttarakhand) and Dhauli (Odisha) name Indrabhuti, a legendary founder, cementing Ajivika presence across the subcontinent.

Terracotta Seals and Amulets
• Excavations at Taxila and sites in eastern Uttar Pradesh have yielded seals bearing wheel-and-sun symbols, motifs often linked to Ajivika cosmology.
• Personal charms inscribed with short mantras echo the deterministic worldview—karma as a cosmic clockwork.

Urban Settlements and Monastic Remains
• Recent digs near Vaishali revealed foundation trenches of simple dwellings and monastic cells insulated by rammed earth—hinting at communal living spaces shared by Ajivika mendicants.
• Pottery shards stamped with ascetic emblems suggest ritual use, perhaps for alms or daily offerings.

Literary Corroboration
• While not strictly archaeological, ancient travelers’ accounts—like those by Greek envoy Megasthenes—describe wandering ascetics in saffron robes, believed to be Ajivikas, complementing material finds.

Modern Techniques Illuminate the Past
• Ground-penetrating radar surveys around Barabar (2022) uncovered previously hidden chambers, likely used for meditation or teaching.
• 3D laser-scanning projects are now digitizing cave inscriptions, making these stone-cut testaments accessible worldwide.

These tangible traces—etched in polished rock, molded in clay, and whispered through epic poems—offer a rare window into a deterministic faith that once held its own against Buddha and Mahavira.