Rooted in the 8th-century arrival of Padmasambhava and Shantarakshita, this school earned its title as the “old ones” of Tibetan Buddhism. When Buddhism first journeyed across the Himalayas, the earliest teachings—now preserved by the Nyingma—laid down the foundation for every master who followed.

Translations from Sanskrit sutras and tantras happened at Samye Monastery, Tibet’s inaugural Buddhist university. Those texts formed the backbone of Nyingma doctrine, rich with Dzogchen, the “Great Perfection” teachings that aim to reveal mind’s natural clarity. Over time, fragmentation and political upheavals threatened these treasures. That’s where terma—hidden spiritual treasures—come into play. Discoveries by treasure revealers like Jigme Lingpa in the 18th century breathed fresh life into ancient wisdom, much like archaeologists unearthing a lost civilization. Today’s global meditation communities owe a debt to those terma, which still inspire retreats and online courses across Europe, North America, and Asia.

Unlike later schools shaped by institutional monastic codes, the Nyingma lineage remains decentralized. Its network of lamas—think Dzongsar Khyentse and Sogyal Rinpoche—often crosses national borders. A recent gathering at Bodh Gaya’s Kalachakra Festival showcased this open-hearted spirit, drawing thousands for teachings on compassion and interdependence.

In an age where traditions can feel stuck in the past, Nyingma’s blend of scholarly roots and living revelation keeps it as fresh as morning dew. The school’s claim to “oldest” status isn’t just a historical footnote; it’s a testament to resilience, innovation, and the ongoing unfolding of wisdom.