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How do Balinese Hindus view samsara and moksha?

Life on the Island of the Gods is seen as part of a grand, ever-turning wheel. Samsara isn’t just an abstract Sanskrit term but a vivid tapestry woven into daily rituals—from the morning offerings (canang sari) sprinkled at doorways to the grand cremation processions (ngaben). Every act, whether lighting a humble incense stick or mounting a temple festival, acknowledges the push and pull of birth, death, and rebirth.

Karma here is felt in the soil beneath feet and the rice terraces’ curves; every misdeed tightens the cycle, while good deeds—making offerings, honoring ancestors, supporting one another—lighten its grip. Rather than escaping the world, the Balinese path to liberation is paved with communal harmony and unceasing devotion to Tri Hita Karana: balance with the divine, fellow humans, and nature.

Moksha isn’t treated as some far-off destination but as an almost mythic summit. Only a handful of souls—like great kin of past kings or saintly priests—might slip free of samsara and ascend to kahyangan (the realm of gods). Most hearts aim to cultivate purity in everyday life, trusting that after the elaborate cremation rites, the soul embarks toward higher planes. The cremation fire symbolizes both the end of one journey and the spark of a new beginning, nudging spirits closer to release.

Recent temple renovations across Bali—spurred by post-pandemic tourism’s revival—show a renewed zeal for keeping these beliefs alive. Colorful umbrellas still shade statues of Dewi Sri, the rice goddess, and local priests chant ancient mantras beneath coconut fronds. This island’s take on moksha isn’t about fleeing reality but weaving liberation into every offering, every drumbeat, every shared feast. In the midst of volcanic skies and shimmering shores, samsara and moksha dance together—each step a reminder that freedom begins in the heart, one prayer at a time.