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What are the main Jain festivals and their significance?

Paryushana (late August/early September)
Often called the “Jain New Year of the Soul,” this eight- to ten-day festival is like hitting the spiritual refresh button. Devotees dive into deep reflection, reciting ancient texts, practicing fasting—even the mild five-day Ayambil Oli fast—to turn over a new leaf. The high point, Samvatsari, is a day of universal forgiveness: swapping “micchami dukkadam” (forgive me if I’ve caused harm) messages with family, friends and even strangers. In an era buzzing with digital detox challenges, Paryushana’s focus on inner cleansing feels surprisingly in tune with modern mindfulness trends.

Mahavir Jayanti (March/April)
Celebrating the birth of Lord Mahavira—the 24th Tirthankara—this vibrant festival sees processions, devotional hymns and charitable acts. Temples gleam with fresh flowers, while community kitchens serve “anna-dana” (free meals) to anyone who drops by. It’s a reminder that true leadership lies in humility and service—a message that resonates strongly amidst today’s calls for ethical leadership in business and politics.

Diwali (October/November)
Beyond the fireworks and sweets, Jains mark Diwali as the day Mahavira attained moksha (liberation) at Pavapuri. Oil lamps are lit not for show, but to symbolize the light of knowledge overcoming ignorance. In recent years, eco-friendly candles and LED diyas have become all the rage at Jain homes, reflecting a growing awareness of sustainability.

Kartik Purnima (November)
This full-moon festival honors the first Tirthankara, Rishabhanatha. Pilgrimages to holy tanks, ritual baths and temple rituals cleanse body and mind. With social media feeds awash in cold-water plunge challenges, these traditional baths take on fresh relevance as a way to “wash away” spiritual toxins.

Mahamastakabhisheka (once every 12 years)
Held at Shravanabelagola, this grand anointment of the 58-foot Gomateshwara statue draws thousands. Cleansed in layers of milk, saffron and sandalwood paste, the deity stands as a towering testament to non-violence and renunciation—values that seem more crucial than ever in a world grappling with conflict and consumerism.