Mahavira, also known as Vardhamana, was the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism. He is believed to have lived in the 6th century BCE and is considered the founder of the Jain religion. His teachings and principles continue to be followed by millions of Jains around the world.

Jainism is a religion that emphasizes non-violence, compassion, and the importance of leading a simple and peaceful life. The main festivals and rituals associated with Mahavira and Jainism revolve around these principles and serve as a way for Jains to connect with their faith and celebrate their beliefs.

One of the most important festivals in Jainism is Mahavir Jayanti, which commemorates the birth of Mahavira. It is celebrated on the 13th day of the Hindu month of Chaitra, which falls in March or April. On this day, Jains visit temples, offer prayers, and participate in processions to honor Mahavira's life and teachings. Some Jains also fast and engage in acts of charity and compassion as a way of paying tribute to Mahavira.

Another significant festival in Jainism is Paryushana, which is a period of self-reflection and spiritual purification. It is a time for Jains to reflect on their actions and strive towards self-improvement. Paryushana is observed for eight days in the month of Bhadrapada, which falls in August or September. During this time, Jains practice fasting, meditation, and engage in acts of charity and forgiveness.

Jains also celebrate Diwali, the festival of lights, in honor of Mahavira. It is believed that on this day, Mahavira attained Nirvana, or liberation from the cycle of birth and death. Jains light lamps and decorate their homes and temples with colorful lights to symbolize the triumph of good over evil and the inner light of knowledge over ignorance.

Apart from these festivals, Jains also have several rituals and practices that are associated with Mahavira and Jainism. One of the most important rituals is the practice of ahimsa, or non-violence. Jains believe in the principle of ahimsa towards all living beings, and this is reflected in their diet, lifestyle, and daily practices.

Jains also practice meditation and yoga as a means of achieving spiritual enlightenment and inner peace. They believe that by controlling their thoughts and emotions, they can attain a state of calm and detachment, which is essential for spiritual growth.

In conclusion, the main festivals and rituals associated with Mahavira and Jainism revolve around the principles of non-violence, compassion, and self-reflection. They serve as a way for Jains to honor Mahavira's teachings and connect with their faith. These festivals and rituals continue to be an integral part of Jainism and play a significant role in shaping the lives of Jains around the world.