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Which languages and commentarial traditions preserve Samayasāra?
Samayasāra was composed in Ardhamāgadhī Prakrit, and that original heartbeat still echoes through a rich tapestry of commentaries. The Digambara line leads the way:
• Vācanāvārtika (11th c. by Acharya Amritchandra) – a Sanskrit gloss that unravels Kundakunda’s terse Prakrit verses with crystalline precision.
• Niryukti (13th c. by Pandit Jayasena) – dives even deeper, teasing out subtle metaphysical threads often missed at first glance.
• Setubandha and Uttara commentaries (by Jinasena, Hemraj and others) – each plays a slightly different tune, highlighting ethics, epistemology or the nature of the soul.
Over the centuries, Samayasāra has leapt the language barrier. In medieval times, it inspired Apabhraṃśa adaptations; today it’s found in Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil and English editions. Padmanabh S. Jaini’s English translation—complete with extensive notes—opened the text to a global academic audience. Hindi and Gujarati critical editions, often paired with Sanskrit commentaries, pop up like mushrooms after a monsoon, making self-realization accessible beyond monastic cloisters.
Although Svetambara traditions traditionally emphasize Umaswati’s Tattvārtha Sūtra, a recent surge of cross-sect interest has brought Samayasāra into shared digital forums. Webinars hosted by institutions from Jaipur to Chicago explore its insights alongside modern mindfulness and consciousness studies. Even smartphone apps like “Jain Wisdom” now feature interactive commentaries in multiple languages, reflecting a world eager to engage with the soul’s “diamond light.”
This multilingual, multi-tradition network ensures Samayasāra isn’t a buried treasure but a living guide—threading ancient wisdom through today’s conversations on identity, ethics and ultimate freedom.