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How did Hakuin Ekaku's teachings differ from other Zen masters?

Hakuin Ekaku, also known as Hakuin Zenji, was a Japanese Zen master who lived from 1686 to 1769. He is considered to be the reviver of the Rinzai Zen school and is highly regarded for his teachings and contributions to the development of Zen Buddhism.

One of the key differences between Hakuin's teachings and those of other Zen masters is his emphasis on the practice of koan introspection. Koans are paradoxical statements or questions that are used in Zen practice to help students break through their conceptual thinking and experience direct insight into reality. Hakuin believed that koan introspection was the most effective way to attain enlightenment and spent much of his life developing and refining this practice.

Another aspect that sets Hakuin apart from other Zen masters is his focus on the importance of moral discipline and ethical behavior. He believed that without a strong moral foundation, one could not truly understand and embody the teachings of Zen. Hakuin emphasized the precepts of non-harming, honesty, and compassion, and encouraged his students to cultivate these qualities in their daily lives.

Additionally, Hakuin's teachings were more accessible and practical compared to other Zen masters of his time. He believed that enlightenment was attainable for anyone, regardless of their social status or background. He also emphasized the importance of integrating Zen practice into everyday activities, rather than solely focusing on meditation in a formal setting.

Hakuin was also known for his skillful means in teaching, tailoring his methods to suit the individual needs of his students. He was known for his strict and sometimes harsh approach, but it was always with the intention of helping his students break through their delusions and reach enlightenment.

Furthermore, Hakuin's teachings were not limited to just meditation and introspection. He also emphasized the importance of studying Buddhist scriptures and texts, as well as engaging in community service and charitable acts.

In summary, Hakuin Ekaku's teachings differed from other Zen masters in his emphasis on koan introspection, moral discipline, practicality, accessibility, and skillful means in teaching. His teachings continue to influence and inspire Zen practitioners around the world, making him a highly respected and revered figure in the Zen tradition.